10 Mil Reis BRA Banknote (Brazil Banknote Issue) 1930

10 Mil Reis Brazilian Currency (Issued 1930)

In October 1930, Brazil was gripped by a decisive political rupture: the Revolution of 1930 brought Getúlio Vargas to power, overthrowing the old oligarchic First Brazilian Republic that had governed since 1889. This note was issued at precisely that moment of transition, bearing the date 31 de outubro de 1930 — just days after Vargas assumed control of the federal government. The Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Vargas’s own home state, was a central force in the revolution, making this regional treasury bond issue a document of remarkable political immediacy. It represents the final gasps of the old monetary order, issued under the authority of the state government of Rio Grande do Sul rather than the federal treasury.

On the front, the note is headed in bold, prominently engraved uppercase lettering: “ESTADO DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL,” clearly identifying the issuing authority as the treasury of the State of Rio Grande do Sul. Beneath this header, a block of Portuguese text explains the instrument’s terms, stating that the Tesouro do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul will pay the bearer six months from the date of 108,000, with interest at 7.8% per annum, in accordance with Law No. 325 of 15 October and Decree No. 4,603 of 18 October 1930. The note is described as a “BONUS” — a bond or promissory instrument — with the denomination rendered in large, eye-catching red numerals reading “10” at the centre, surrounded by decorative guilloché patterning in deep red and cream. Beneath this central device, the denomination is spelled out in full as “DEZ MIL REIS” in bold engraved lettering, with the word “BONUS” appearing above the numeral in a serif typeface. The serial number “Nº 134195” appears twice: once in the upper left panel and once along the lower right edge, both printed in red ink. The series designation “SERIE A” appears twice as well, once to the left and once to the right of the central denomination block. The place and date of issue, “Porto Alegre, 31 de outubro de 1930,” is printed in the lower left quadrant in clear upright typography. Two manuscript signatures appear along the lower centre of the note, rendered in black ink, representing the authorising treasury officials. The numeral “10” appears in the upper left and upper right corners as corner denomination indicators. To the right of the central vignette sits an ornate circular emblem, engraved in fine detail, featuring what appears to be the coat of arms of the State of Rio Grande do Sul, with decorative scrollwork surrounding it. The overall colour palette of the front is warm cream paper with deep olive-green and dark red printed elements, giving the note a restrained but formal official character consistent with state treasury instruments of the period.

The reverse of this note appears to be unprinted or plain, with the cream-coloured paper stock visible and showing natural texture. Light show-through from the heavily inked front face is discernible, with ghost impressions of the guilloché patterning and text elements faintly visible through the paper. The paper itself has a slightly aged, warm ivory tone consistent with the cotton-fibre or linen-blend stocks commonly used in Brazilian state treasury documents of the early twentieth century. No additional printed design, text, or security features are visible on the reverse side.

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