1 Peseta ESP Banknote (Banco de España (Madrid Issue)) 1945

1 Peseta Peseta (Issued 1945)

The 1 Peseta note issued by Banco de España in Madrid during 1945 represents Spanish currency during a transformative period in the nation’s history. This denomination served as the foundational unit of Spanish monetary circulation in the post-war era. The banknote design reflects the classical engraving standards maintained by Spain’s central banking authority. The pale cream and brown colour palette creates a sophisticated and formal appearance characteristic of mid-twentieth century European currency design.

On the front, a portrait of a woman wearing a headscarf dominates the left side of the composition, rendered in fine line engraving with remarkable detail in the facial features and textile patterns. The woman’s profile faces rightward, with careful attention paid to the folds and draping of her headwear and clothing. The central text reads “BANCO DE ESPAÑA” in capital letters across the upper portion, with “UNA PESETA” clearly displayed below the portrait in a serif typeface. Beneath this appears “DE CURSO LEGAL” and “MADRID 15 DE JUNIO DE 1945,” establishing the official date of issue. The denomination numeral “1” appears within decorative circular medallions positioned in all four corners of the note. The serial number “A7010157” is printed in brown ink across the lower right section. Two signatures appear in the central right area, identified as belonging to the governor and comptroller of the institution. An ornamental border of intricate guillochéd patterns frames the entire note, featuring small decorative vignettes and geometric designs that enhance the security and aesthetic qualities of the piece.

The reverse displays an elaborate cartographic design featuring a navigational chart with compass rose, latitude and longitude lines, and maritime routes characteristic of historical Spanish exploration and trade. A classical female figure representing maritime commerce or navigation stands prominently on the right side, dressed in flowing garments and rendered with fine engraving detail. The text “BANCO DE ESPAÑA” appears at the top of the reverse, with the denomination “1” displayed in the lower corners within circular frames. Geographic references including “CAPACHIA,” “LAHORIDA,” “MARE,” “OCEANO,” and “INDIA” are visible across the map design, reflecting Spain’s historical maritime dominance. The serial number “A7010157” is repeated in brown ink. Vertical fluted columns frame both sides of the composition, adding architectural gravitas to the design. The overall colour scheme maintains the brown and cream tones of the obverse, creating visual cohesion throughout the banknote.

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